What are database startup options?

SQL> STARTUP
--> starts normally

SQL> STARTUP nomount
--> starts as nomount mode

SQL> STARTUP restrict
--> start as restrict mode

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM DISABLE RESTRICTED SESSION
--> unlock restrict mode

SQL> STARTUP force
--> tries to ignore startup issues

SQL> STARTUP open recover
--> starts as recover mode

SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY
--> starts as read only mode

SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ WRITE
--> starts unrestricted mode

In extra:
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION
--> enable restrict mode 

How to run a program in start-up?

Please follow the instructions to define start-up program for Windows machines.

Press Windows key -> Click "All Programs" -> Right mouse click on "Startup" folder then click "Open" -> Define shortcut of the program in "Startup" folder -> Now, windows starts program as your shortcuts while starting system.

How to shutdown Oracle Database Server in Windows OS?

Please follow below steps:

• Press Windows + R
• Type and press enter; sqlplus / as sysdba
• Type and press enter; SQL> shutdown immediate
• Type and press enter; SQL> exit

You can use other options instead of "immediate" keyword.

List of options:

normal

• No new connections are allowed after the statement is issued. 
• Before the database is shut down, the database waits for all currently connected users to disconnect from the database.

immediate

• No new connections are allowed, nor are new transactions allowed to be started, after the statement is issued. 
• Any uncommitted transactions are rolled back. (If long uncommitted transactions exist, this method of shutdown might not complete quickly, despite its name.) 
• Oracle Database does not wait for users currently connected to the database to disconnect. The database implicitly rolls back active transactions and disconnects all connected users.

abort

• No new connections are allowed, nor are new transactions allowed to be started, after the statement is issued. 
• Current client SQL statements being processed by Oracle Database are immediately terminated. 
• Uncommitted transactions are not rolled back. 
• Oracle Database does not wait for users currently connected to the database to disconnect. The database implicitly disconnects all connected users.

transactional

• No new connections are allowed, nor are new transactions allowed to be started, after the statement is issued. 
• After all transactions have completed, any client still connected to the instance is disconnected.  
• At this point, the instance shuts down just as it would when a SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE statement is submitted

Refered to: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28310/start003.htm#ADMIN11160

Bye.